Thorium Reserves by Country

Wikipedia provides the following estimates of Thorium reserves.

The prevailing estimate of the economically available thorium reserves comes from the US Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries (1996–2010):^[56][61]

American estimates intonnes (2010)

Country	Reserves
United States	440,000
Australia	300,000
Brazil	16,000
Canada	100,000
India	290,000
Malaysia	4,500
South Africa	35,000
Other Countries	90,000
World Total	1,300,000

Note: The OECD/NEA report notes that the estimates (that the Australian figures are based on) are subjective, due to the variability in the quality of the data, a lot of which is old and incomplete.^[62] Adding to the confusion are subjective claims made by the Australian government (in 2009, through their "Geoscience" department) that combine the Reasonably Assured Reserves (RAR) estimates with "inferred" data (i.e. subjective guesses). This strange combined figure of RAR and "guessed" reserves yields a figure, published by the Australian government, of 489,000 tonnes.^[62] However using the same criteria for Brazil or India would yield reserve figures of between 600,000 to 1,300,000 tonnes for Brazil and between 300,000 to 600,000 tonnes for India. Irrespective, of isolated claims by the Australian government, the most credible third-party and multi-lateral reports, those of the OECD/IAEA and the USGS, consistently report high thorium reserves for India while not doing the same for Australia.

Another estimate of Reasonably Assured Reserves (RAR) and Estimated Additional Reserves (EAR) of thorium comes from OECD/NEA, Nuclear Energy, "Trends in Nuclear Fuel Cycle", Paris, France (2001):^[63]

IAEA Estimates in tonnes (2005)

Country	RAR Th	EAR Th
Australia	19,000	—
Brazil	606,000	700,000
Canada	45,000	128,000
Greenland	54,000	32,000
Egypt	15,000	309,000
India	319,000	—
Norway	132,000	132,000
South Africa	18,000	—
Turkey	380,000	500,000
United States	137,000	295,000
Other Countries	505,000	—
World Total	2,230,000	2,130,000